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''Nepenthes sumatrana'' is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to the Indonesian island of Sumatra, after which it is named. ==Discovery and taxonomy== ''Nepenthes sumatrana'' was first collected by Johannes Elias Teijsmann in February 1856, near the port town of Sibolga.〔Teijsmann, J.E. 1857. Dagverhaal eener botanische reis over de westkust van Sumatra. ''Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië'' XIV: 249–376.〕 Teijsmann wrote the following account of his discovery:〔〔 Among the plants collected to-day and the day before yesterday (3rd and 1st ), there were 4 species of ''Nepenthes'' (''katoepat baroek'', ''tjalong baroek'', or ''taau-taau''), growing here on the very coast between the scrub in a thin layer of humus, under which pure sea sand, or against steep rocks and the coast, when there was only some earth or moss for the germination. Some species are very common and luxuriant here and abound in flowers and fruits. The plants are all transported to Buitenzorg in living state, but from the seeds only those of one species I have succeeded in bringing to germinate, this growing very slowly but being very interesting, as the young plants, only few lines large, already bear minute pitchers. The plant material was initially described as a variety of ''N. boschiana'' by Friedrich Miquel in 1858,〔Miquel, F.A.G. 1858. Flora Indiae Bataviae (Flora van Nederlandsch Indië) I—''Nepenthes'', pp. 1069–1077.〕 and in 1886 Odoardo Beccari considered it a variety of ''N. maxima''.〔Beccari, O. 1886. ''Nepenthes''. In: Malesia, II (1884–1886), pp. 231–233, t. LV.〕 Both of these species are now known to be absent from Sumatra.〔 Günther Beck von Mannagetta und Lerchenau, in his 1895 work "Die Gattung ''Nepenthes''", was the first to publish ''N. sumatrana'' under its present binomial combination,〔〔Schlauer, J. N.d. (''Nepenthes sumatrana'' ). Carnivorous Plant Database.〕 although he introduced it under the entry for ''N. maxima'' with the words "Hierzu gehört als Varietät: ''N. sumatrana''" (this includes a variety: ''N. sumatrana'').〔 In his monograph of 1908, "Nepenthaceae", John Muirhead Macfarlane placed ''N. sumatrana'' in synonymy with ''N. treubiana'',〔Macfarlane, J.M. 1908. Nepenthaceae. In: A. Engler ''Das Pflanzenreich'' IV, III, Heft 36, 1–91.〕 a species native to New Guinea. B. H. Danser supported this interpretation in his seminal monograph, "The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies", published in 1928.〔Danser, B.H. 1928. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. ''Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg'', Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.〕 In 1986, ''N. sumatrana'' was again recognised as a distinct species by Rusjdi Tamin and Mitsuru Hotta, who noted significant differences between it and ''N. treubiana''.〔 Tamin, R. & M. Hotta 1986. ''Nepenthes'' di Sumatera: The genus ''Nepenthes'' of the Sumatra Island. In: M. Hotta (ed.) ''Diversity and Dynamics of Plant Life in Sumatra: Forest Ecosystem and Speciation in Wet Tropical Environments. Part 1: Reports and Collection of Papers.'' Kyoto University, Kyoto. pp. 75–109.〕 Matthew Jebb also treated ''N. sumatrana'' separately in his 1991 monograph, "An account of ''Nepenthes'' in New Guinea",〔Jebb, M.H.P. 1991. An account of ''Nepenthes'' in New Guinea. ''Science in New Guinea'' 17(1): 7–54.〕 as did Joachim Nerz and Andreas Wistuba in 1994, when they described the closely related ''N. longifolia''.〔Nerz, J. & A. Wistuba 1994. (Five new taxa of ''Nepenthes'' (Nepenthaceae) from North and West Sumatra ). ''Carnivorous Plant Newsletter'' 23(4): 101–114.〕 ''Nepenthes sumatrana'' was formally restored in Matthew Jebb and Martin Cheek's 1997 revision, "A skeletal revision of ''Nepenthes'' (Nepenthaceae)", although the authors sunk ''N. longifolia'' in synonymy with ''N. sumatrana''.〔Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of ''Nepenthes'' (Nepenthaceae). ''Blumea'' 42 (1): 1–106.〕〔Clarke, C.M. 2006. Introduction. In: Danser, B.H. ''The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 1–15.〕 This latter decision was reversed by Charles Clarke in his 2001 work, ''Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia''.〔 Despite the numerous taxonomic revisions, it appears that none of these authors (with the exception of Clarke) saw living plants of ''N. sumatrana''. The first person to knowingly observe ''N. sumatrana'' in the wild since Teijsmann's original collection is thought to have been Ch'ien Lee, in 1998.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nepenthes sumatrana」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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